Jetavanaramaya Stupa
The Jetavanarama stupa or Jetavanaramaya is a stupa, or Buddhist reliquary monument, located in the ruins of Jetavana monastery in the UNESCO world heritage city of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. At 122 metres (400 ft), and was the world's tallest stupa; and the third tallest structure in the world when it was built by King Mahasena of Anuradhapura (273–301). He initiated the construction of the stupa: 49 following the destruction of the Mahaviharaya of Anuradhapura. His son Maghavanna I completed the construction of the stupa, and was renovated by Parakramabahu I of Polonnaruwa. A part of a sash or belt tied by the Buddha is believed to be the relic that is enshrined here.
The structure is significant in the island's history as it represents the tensions within the Theravada and Mahayana sects of Buddhism; it is also significant in recorded history as one of the tallest structures in the ancient world;, and the tallest non-pyramidal building; the height of the stupa was 122 metres (400 ft), making it the tallest stupa in the ancient world. With the destruction and abandonment of Anuradhapura kingdom in the 11th century, the stupa with others was covered by jungle. King Parakramabahu in 12th century tried to renovate this stupa and it was rebuilt to the current height, a reduction from the original height. Today it stands at 71 metres (233 ft).
The compound covers approximately 5.6 hectares and is estimated to have housed 10,000 Buddhist monks. One side of the stupa is 176 m (576 ft) long, and the flights of stairs at each of the four sides of it are 9 m (28 ft) wide. The doorpost to the shrine, which is situated in the courtyard, is 8 m (27 ft) high. The stupa has a 8.5 m (28 ft) deep foundation, and sits on bedrock.
The structure is no longer the tallest, but it is still the largest, with a base-area of 233,000 m2 (2,508,000 sq ft). Approximately 93.3 million baked bricks were used in its construction; the engineering ingenuity behind the construction of the structure is a significant development in the history of the island.
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Sri Maha BodhiyaJaya Sri Maha Bodhi on püha bo-puu Mahamewna aedades Anuradhapuras Sri Lankal. See on ajaloolise Sri Maha Bodhi lõunapoolne haru Buddha Gaya juures Indias, mille all Buddha saavutas valgustatuse. See istutati aastal 288 eKr ja on maailma vanim inimese istutatud puu, mille istutuskuupäev on teada.
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RuwanweliseyaRuwanweli Maha Seya, tuntud ka kui Mahathupa (Suur Thupa), on stuupa (poolkerakujuline ehitis, mis sisaldab säilmeid) Anuradhapuras Sri Lankal. Stuupas on hoiul kaks liitrit ehk üks dona Buddha säilmeid, mis teeb sellest suurima tema säilmete kogu üldse. Selle ehitas singalite kuningas Dutugemunu umbes 140. aastal eKr, kellest sai Sri Lanka kuningas pärast sõda, milles tšola kuningas Elāra (Ellalan) sai lüüa.
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ThuparamayaThuparamaya on esimene budistlik tempel, mis ehitati pärast mahinda thero (mahindagamanaya) saabumist Sri Lankale. Mahamewna pargi pühas piirkonnas asuv Thuparamaya stuupa on saare vanim dagoba, mis pärineb kuningas Devanampiya Tissa valitsemisajast (247–207 eKr). Valitsus on templi ametlikult tunnustanud Sri Lanka arheoloogilise leiukohana.
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LovamahapayaLovamahapaya on hoone, mis asub Ruwanweliseya ja Sri Mahabodiya vahel iidses Anuradhapura linnas Sri Lankal. Seda tuntakse ka Brazeni palee või Lohaprasadayana, kuna katus oli kaetud pronkskividega. Muistsel ajal kuulusid hoonesse söögisaal ja uposathagara (Uposatha maja).
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Abhayagiri DagobaAbhayagiri Vihāra oli Sri Lankal Anuradhapuras asuv mahajaana, theravaada ja vadžrajaana budismi peamine kloostripaik. See on üks maailma ulatuslikumaid varemeid ja üks riigi pühamaid budistlikke palverännakute linnu.
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JetavanaramayaJetavanarama stuupa ehk Jetavanaramaya on stuupa ehk budistlik relikviamälestis, mis asub Jetavana kloostri varemetes UNESCO maailmapärandi nimistusse kuuluvas Anuradhapura linnas Sri Lankal. 122 meetri (400 jala) kõrgusega oli see maailma kõrgeim stuupa ja suuruselt kolmas ehitis maailmas, kui selle ehitas Anuradhapura kuningas Mahasena (273–301).
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Mirisawetiya stuupaMirisaweti stuupa on mälestushoone ehk stuupa, mis asub iidses Anuradhapura linnas Sri Lankal. Kuningas Dutugamunu (161 eKr – 137 eKr) ehitas Mirisaveti stuupa pärast kuningas Elara alistamist. Pärast Buddha säilmete asetamist valitsuskeppi läks ta Tissa Wewasse pesema, jättes valitsuskepi sinna.
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LankaramaLankarama on kuningas Valagamba ehitatud stuupa, mis asub iidses paigas Galhebakadas Anuradhapura kuningriigis Sri Lankal. Stuupa iidse kuju kohta pole midagi teada ja hiljem see renoveeriti. Varemetest on näha kivisammaste ridu ja pole kahtlustki, et stuupa ümber (vatadage) on ehitatud maja, mis seda kattis.
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IsurumuniyaIsurumuniya on budistlik tempel, mis asub Tissa Wewa (Tisa veehoidla) lähedal Anuradhapuras Sri Lankal. Selles viharas on neli erilist huvipakkuvat nikerdust. Need on Isurumuniya armastajad, elevanditiik ja kuninglik perekond. Iidset Meghagiri viharat ehk Meygiri viharat tuntakse praegu Isurumuni viharana.
